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Designing and Coordinating Mouse Behavioral Experiments with Maestro

Behavioral experiments have become an integral part of the methods used in neuroscience to investigate both normal and pathological brain function. A wide range of behavioral protocols has been developed to assess distinct aspects of neural processing, including attention (Wang et al. 2026), working memory (Cleal et al. 2021), and decision-making (International Brain Laboratory et al. 2021).
Animal behavioral experiments commonly rely on three main elements: sensory input, motivation, and response detection. By varying what is presented to the animal, how the animal is motivated to perform a task—through reward, punishment, or avoidance—and how its response is measured, researchers can investigate different aspects of sensory processing, decision-making, and motor execution.

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Exploring Learning and Reward Processing with Virtual Reality in Mice

Recording brain activity during unconstrained natural behavior would be ideal to avoid experimental bias. However, this comes with several challenges. Natural behavior is rich and varied, involving multiple sensory stimuli and complex movement patterns. At the same time, this complexity can introduce variability in the data and provides limited control over sensory inputs and behavioral variables. Virtual reality has therefore appeared as an experimental alternative to fully unconstrained behavioral paradigms, offering behaviorally relevant environments while allowing stricter control over experimental variables.

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